What are the key securities-regulator disclosure rules a banker must know?

The securities regulator governs capital-markets compliance. The most important disclosure rules:

• Major-shareholding notifications: crossing the thresholds of 3%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 50%, 75% of voting rights must be reported within 4 trading days.
• Ad-hoc disclosure: price-sensitive information must be published without delay. Self-exemptions are possible (e.g. an ongoing M&A process).
• Mandatory offer: crossing the 30% threshold triggers a mandatory offer to all shareholders.
• Market abuse regulation: insider trading, market manipulation, directors' dealings.
• Prospectus rules: required for public offers above a threshold (here about $8m). Valuation relevance: in stake-building strategies, know the thresholds — "creeping up" toward the 25% mark before a public offer (a classic hedge-fund tactic).