Module II· Football Field & SensitivitiesIntermediate
Question

How do you set the range for each method in the Football Field?

Answer

Method-typical ranges:

  • DCF: WACC ±50bps, g ±0.5% → ±10–15% EV.
  • Trading comps: 25–75th-percentile range of the multiples → ±10–20%.
  • Precedents: range of strategic vs. financial multiples → ±15–25%.
  • LBO: IRR range 18–25% with a multiple exit → ±10–15%.
  • 52-week trading range: actual min/max of the last 52 weeks.

Ranges should be derived consistently within each method, not arbitrarily.

Deep diveShow more details

A footnote per method — 'DCF range driven by WACC 8.5–9.5% and terminal growth 1.5–2.5%'.